Compare Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2004) - Atlantic Ocean (2002)

Compare Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2004) z Atlantic Ocean (2002)

	Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2004)	Atlantic Ocean (2002)

Administrative divisions	none (territorial collectivity of France); note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are two communes - Saint Pierre, Miquelon at the second order	-
Age structure	0-14 years: 24.6% (male 878; female 840) 15-64 years: 64.9% (male 2,316; female 2,227) 65 years and over: 10.5% (male 323; female 411) (2004 est.)	-
Agriculture - products	vegetables; poultry, cattle, sheep, pigs; fish	-
Airports	2 (2003 est.)	-
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.)	-
Area	total: 242 sq km land: 242 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes eight small islands in the Saint Pierre and the Miquelon groups	total: 76.762 million sq km note: includes Baltic Sea, Black Sea, Caribbean Sea, Davis Strait, Denmark Strait, part of the Drake Passage, Gulf of Mexico, Mediterranean Sea, North Sea, Norwegian Sea, almost all of the Scotia Sea, and other tributary water bodies
Area - comparative	1.5 times the size of Washington, DC	slightly less than 6.5 times the size of the US
Background	First settled by the French in the early 17th century, the islands represent the sole remaining vestige of France's once vast North American possessions.	The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's five oceans (after the Pacific Ocean, but larger than the Indian Ocean, Southern Ocean, and Arctic Ocean). The Kiel Canal (Germany), Oresund (Denmark-Sweden), Bosporus (Turkey), Strait of Gibraltar (Morocco-Spain), and the St. Lawrence Seaway (Canada-US) are important strategic access waterways. The decision by the International Hydrographic Organization in the spring of 2000 to delimit a fifth world ocean, the Southern Ocean, removed the portion of the Atlantic Ocean south of 60 degrees south.
Birth rate	14.15 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)	-
Budget	revenues: $70 million expenditures: $60 million, including capital expenditures of $24 million (1996 est.)	-
Capital	Saint-Pierre	-
Climate	cold and wet, with much mist and fog; spring and autumn are windy	tropical cyclones (hurricanes) develop off the coast of Africa near Cape Verde and move westward into the Caribbean Sea; hurricanes can occur from May to December, but are most frequent from August to November
Coastline	120 km	111,866 km
Constitution	28 September 1958 (French Constitution)	-
Country name	conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon conventional short form: Saint Pierre and Miquelon local long form: Departement de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon local short form: Saint-Pierre et Miquelon	-
Currency	euro (EUR)	-
Death rate	6.72 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)	-
Debt - external	NA (2003 est.)	-
Dependency status	self-governing territorial collectivity of France	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territorial collectivity of France)	-
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territorial collectivity of France)	-
Disputes - international	none	some maritime disputes (see littoral states)
Economic aid - recipient	approximately $60 million in annual grants from France	-
Economy - overview	The inhabitants have traditionally earned their livelihood by fishing and by servicing fishing fleets operating off the coast of Newfoundland. The economy has been declining, however, because of disputes with Canada over fishing quotas and a steady decline in the number of ships stopping at Saint Pierre. In 1992, an arbitration panel awarded the islands an exclusive economic zone of 12,348 sq km to settle a longstanding territorial dispute with Canada, although it represents only 25% of what France had sought. The islands are heavily subsidized by France to the great betterment of living standards. The government hopes an expansion of tourism will boost economic prospects. Recent test drilling for oil may pave the way for development of the energy sector.	The Atlantic Ocean provides some of the world's most heavily trafficked sea routes, between and within the Eastern and Western Hemispheres. Other economic activity includes the exploitation of natural resources, e.g., fishing, the dredging of aragonite sands (The Bahamas), and production of crude oil and natural gas (Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, and North Sea).
Electricity - consumption	39.08 million kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - production	42.03 million kWh (2001)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Morne de la Grande Montagne 240 m	lowest point: Milwaukee Deep in the Puerto Rico Trench -8,605 m highest point: sea level 0 m
Environment - current issues	recent test drilling for oil in waters around Saint Pierre and Miquelon may bring future development that would impact the environment	endangered marine species include the manatee, seals, sea lions, turtles, and whales; drift net fishing is hastening the decline of fish stocks and contributing to international disputes; municipal sludge pollution off eastern US, southern Brazil, and eastern Argentina; oil pollution in Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, Lake Maracaibo, Mediterranean Sea, and North Sea; industrial waste and municipal sewage pollution in Baltic Sea, North Sea, and Mediterranean Sea
Ethnic groups	Basques and Bretons (French fishermen)	-
Exchange rates	euros per US dollar - 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.0626 (2001), 1.08540 (2000), 0.93863 (1999)	-
Executive branch	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Albert DUPUY (since 10 January 2005) head of government: President of the General Council Marc PLANTAGENEST (since NA) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held, first round - 21 April 2002, second round - 5 May 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the General Council is elected by the members of the council	-
Exports	NA (2001)	-
Exports - commodities	fish and fish products, soybeans, animal feed, mollusks and crustaceans, fox and mink pelts	-
Exports - partners	US 42.9%, Ecuador 28.6%, Canada 14.3%, France 14.3% (2003)	-
Fiscal year	calendar year	-
Flag description	a yellow sailing ship facing the hoist side rides on a dark blue background with yellow wavy lines under the ship; on the hoist side, a vertical band is divided into three parts: the top part (called ikkurina) is red with a green diagonal cross extending to the corners overlaid by a white cross dividing the rectangle into four sections; the middle part has a white background with an ermine pattern; the third part has a red background with two stylized yellow lions outlined in black, one above the other; these three heraldic arms represent settlement by colonists from the Basque Country (top), Brittany, and Normandy; the flag of France is used for official occasions	-
GDP	purchasing power parity - $48.33 million - supplemented by annual payments from France of about $60 million (2003 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA industry: NA services: NA	-
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $6,900 (2001 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	NA	-
Geographic coordinates	46 50 N, 56 20 W	0 00 N, 25 00 W
Geography - note	vegetation scanty	major chokepoints include the Dardanelles, Strait of Gibraltar, access to the Panama and Suez Canals; strategic straits include the Strait of Dover, Straits of Florida, Mona Passage, The Sound (Oresund), and Windward Passage; the Equator divides the Atlantic Ocean into the North Atlantic Ocean and South Atlantic Ocean
Highways	total: 114 km paved: 69 km unpaved: 45 km	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA	-
Imports	NA (2001)	-
Imports - commodities	meat, clothing, fuel, electrical equipment, machinery, building materials	-
Imports - partners	France 51%, Canada 31.4%, Italy 11.8% (2003)	-
Independence	none (territorial collectivity of France; has been under French control since 1763)	-
Industrial production growth rate	NA	-
Industries	fish processing and supply base for fishing fleets; tourism	-
Infant mortality rate	total: 7.76 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.91 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.55 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)	-
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	2.1% (1991-96 average)	-
International organization participation	UPU, WFTU	-
Irrigated land	NA sq km	-
Judicial branch	Superior Tribunal of Appeals or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel	-
Labor force	3,261 (1999)	-
Labor force - by occupation	fishing 18%, industry (mainly fish-processing) 41%, services 41% (1996 est.)	-
Land boundaries	0 km	-
Land use	arable land: 13.04% permanent crops: 0% other: 86.96% (2001)	-
Languages	French (official)	-
Legal system	French law with special adaptations for local conditions, such as housing and taxation	-
Legislative branch	unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats - 15 from Saint Pierre and 4 from Miquelon; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: elections last held 19 and 26 March 2000 (next to be held NA April 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PS 12, PRG 2, UDF-RPR 5 note: Saint Pierre and Miquelon elect 1 seat to the French Senate; elections last held NA September 1995 (next to be held NA September 2004); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RPR 1; Saint Pierre and Miquelon also elects 1 seat to the French National Assembly; elections last held, first round - 9 June 2002, second round - 16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UDF 1	-
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 78.28 years male: 75.97 years female: 80.7 years (2004 est.)	-
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99% male: 99% female: 99% (1982 est.)	-
Location	Northern North America, islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, south of Newfoundland (Canada)	body of water between Africa, Europe, the Southern Ocean, and the Western Hemisphere
Map references	North America	Political Map of the World
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm	-
Merchant marine	none	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France	-
National holiday	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)	-
Nationality	noun: Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women) adjective: French	-
Natural hazards	persistent fog throughout the year can be a maritime hazard	icebergs common in Davis Strait, Denmark Strait, and the northwestern Atlantic Ocean from February to August and have been spotted as far south as Bermuda and the Madeira Islands; ships subject to superstructure icing in extreme northern Atlantic from October to May; persistent fog can be a maritime hazard from May to September; hurricanes (May to December)
Natural resources	fish, deepwater ports	oil and gas fields, fish, marine mammals (seals and whales), sand and gravel aggregates, placer deposits, polymetallic nodules, precious stones
Net migration rate	-4.86 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)	-
Political parties and leaders	PRG [leader NA]; Rassemblement pour la Republique or RPR (now UMP) [leader NA]; Socialist Party or PS [leader NA]; Union pour la Democratie Francaise or UDF [leader NA]	-
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	-
Population	6,995 (July 2004 est.)	-
Population below poverty line	NA	-
Population growth rate	0.26% (2004 est.)	-
Ports and harbors	Saint Pierre	Alexandria (Egypt), Algiers (Algeria), Antwerp (Belgium), Barcelona (Spain), Buenos Aires (Argentina), Casablanca (Morocco), Colon (Panama), Copenhagen (Denmark), Dakar (Senegal), Gdansk (Poland), Hamburg (Germany), Helsinki (Finland), Las Palmas (Canary Islands, Spain), Le Havre (France), Lisbon (Portugal), London (UK), Marseille (France), Montevideo (Uruguay), Montreal (Canada), Naples (Italy), New Orleans (US), New York (US), Oran (Algeria), Oslo (Norway), Peiraiefs or Piraeus (Greece), Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), Rotterdam (Netherlands), Saint Petersburg (Russia), Stockholm (Sweden)
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998)	-
Religions	Roman Catholic 99%	-
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2004 est.)	-
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	-
Telephone system	general assessment: adequate domestic: NA international: country code - 508; radiotelephone communication with most countries in the world; 1 earth station in French domestic satellite system	-
Telephones - main lines in use	4,800 (2002)	-
Telephones - mobile cellular	0 (1994)	-
Television broadcast stations	0 (there are, however, two repeaters which rebroadcast programs from France, Canada, and the US) (1997)	-
Terrain	mostly barren rock	surface usually covered with sea ice in Labrador Sea, Denmark Strait, and coastal portions of the Baltic Sea from October to June; clockwise warm-water gyre (broad, circular system of currents) in the northern Atlantic, counterclockwise warm-water gyre in the southern Atlantic; the ocean floor is dominated by the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, a rugged north-south centerline for the entire Atlantic basin
Total fertility rate	2.05 children born/woman (2004 est.)	-
Transportation - note	-	Kiel Canal and Saint Lawrence Seaway are two important waterways; significant domestic commercial and recreational use of Intracoastal Waterway on central and south Atlantic seaboard and Gulf of Mexico coast of US
Unemployment rate	9.8% (1997)	-

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